Psychopathy is a disorder marked by a constellation of maladaptive personality traits. Duven EC, Mller KW, Beutel ME, Wlfling K. Altered reward processing in pathological computer gamers--ERP-results from a semi-natural gaming-design. Poddar S, Sayeed N, Mitra S. Internet gaming disorder: Application of motivational enhancement therapy principles in treatment. Internet addiction: prevalence, discriminant validity and correlates among adolescents in Hong Kong. Patient Health Questionnaire. Regarding psychological therapy for Internet addiction and problematic Internet use, ten studies were identified, most of which used a group therapy framework to support clients. Arnow BA. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Externalizing was calculated in the same manner using symptoms of adult antisocial behavior, conduct disorder, and alcohol, nicotine, and drug dependence. Postpartum depression usually begins within the first month after childbirth, but it can begin during pregnancy or for up to a year after birth.5. government site. Antidepressants: Past, present and future. An international consensus for assessing internet gaming disorder using the new DSM-5 approach. The most common approach used to treat Internet addiction was Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)[86,202]. Motivational interviewing: Preparing people for change. Introduction. Researchers are recommended to collaborate to establish a consensus regarding diagnostic criteria and measures in order to improve the reliability across studies and to develop effective and efficient treatment approaches for treatment seekers. : document utilis comme source pour la rdaction de cet article. 2003, in press; Patrick, 2004), Fearless Dominance and Impulsive Antisociality were uncorrelated in men and women, r=0.03, n.s. Internet users, 2015. Trained individuals with either a bachelors or a masters degree in psychology conducted the interviews. Is Internet addiction a psychopathological condition distinct from pathological gambling? enormanc , enormanc G, Gl O, Konkan R. Attachment and family functioning in patients with internet addiction. Studies had to (1) contain quantitative empirical data; (2) have been published after 2000; (3) include clinical samples and/or clinical interventions for Internet and/or gaming addiction; (4) provide a full-text article (rather than a conference abstract); and (5) be published in English, German, Polish, Spanish, Portuguese, or French as the present authors speak these languages. Individuals seeking treatment for their Internet overuse frequently present with mood and anxiety disorders, and other impulse-control and addictive disorders appear common. In women, sexual abuse was significantly linked to lifetime cocaine (P<.001) as well as marijuana exposure (P<.01). Despite the gradually increasing number of studies concerning Internet addiction, classification is a contentious issue as a total of 21 different assessment instruments have been developed to date, and these are currently used to identify Internet addiction in both clinical and normative populations[6]. Problematic Internet use and health in adolescents: data from a high school survey in Connecticut. INTRODUCTION. Participants were asked to bring their completed MPQ with them to their in-person visit. Moreover, group therapy may create a safe environment in which the sensitive topic of Internet-use related addiction can be discussed openly. in press). In: Millon T, Simonsen E, Birket-Smith M, Davis R, editors. It was also the cocaine-dependent group that scored significantly higher in PTSD scores across all clusters. 1995; McGuffin & Thapar, 1998; Jacobson et al. The reason to select this medication is because a proportion of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) are also excessive online gamers, and this drug has been previously evaluated as potential treatment for MDD and other drug-addictions. To address variation in literacy of participants, all questions were read aloud and answers were recorded by the interviewer. Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents Revised: DSM-III-R version (DICA-R). Liu TC, Desai RA, Krishnan-Sarin S, Cavallo DA, Potenza MN. Learn more Accessibility La psychopathologie (des mots grecs : psukh, me et pathos, maladie) est l'tude scientifique et clinique des troubles psychiques (ou troubles mentaux) par la psychologie ou la psychiatrie.. La reconnaissance des troubles mentaux comme maladies date du dbut du XIX e sicle avec la parution d'une publication de Philippe Pinel (1801).. La psychopathologie pose le Openness to experience is one of the domains which are used to describe human personality in the Five Factor Model. Cambridge Core is the new academic platform from Cambridge University Press, replacing our previous platforms; Cambridge Journals Online (CJO), Cambridge Books Online (CBO), University Publishing Online (UPO), Cambridge Histories Online (CHO), Download full-text PDF Read full-text. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Read full-text. Examination of the childhood trauma quartiles shows alcohol, cocaine, and marijuana use significantly increasing across the four quartiles. Shared environmental effects (c2) are environmental effects common to both members of a twin pair that produce similarities between them (e.g. Ultimately, research and clinical initiatives need to focus on providing the best possible care for individuals who experience significant impairment and distress as a consequence of their Internet use. The Kreek-McHugh-Schluger-Kellogg scale: a new, rapid method for quantifying substance abuse and its possible applications. Openness involves six facets, or dimensions: active imagination (fantasy), aesthetic sensitivity, attentiveness to inner feelings, preference for variety (adventurousness), intellectual curiosity, and challenging authority (psychological liberalism). CG: Adolescents: 21 males and 4 females (age: M = 15.7, SD = 1.2); Parents: Idem to EG (no sign. MPQ data were available for 1122 individuals (men=502, women= 620). This reduces the time available to participate in alternative enjoyable pastime activities and to engage with real-life family and friendship circles, which may lead to increased loneliness and stress[234]. Traumas and other adverse life events in adolescents with alcohol abuse and dependence. Two-factor conceptualization of psychopathy: construct validity and assessment implications. However, this four-facet structure still retains the basic higher-order two-factor structure from the PCL-R (Hare, 1991). Kim[23] used a quasi-experimental design and an intervention with a group psychotherapy approach, and found a significant reduction in Internet addiction and significantly higher self-esteem in the experimental group compared to the control group. Citation of the source is appreciated. Mller KW, Beutel ME, Egloff B, Wlfling K. Investigating risk factors for Internet gaming disorder: a comparison of patients with addictive gaming, pathological gamblers and healthy controls regarding the big five personality traits. Similarly, Kim et al[25] tested the effectiveness of CBT in an active treatment group vs a control group who did not receive CBT in Korean male adolescent patients with MMD and online gaming addiction. Tell a loved one and call your doctor right away. This MET-CBT approach consisted of a series of stages: (1) a contemplation stage (i.e., initial sessions of rapport building, a detailed interview and case formulation); (2) a preparation stage (i.e., sessions delivered in an empathetic atmosphere to emphasise psychoeducation, including managing physiological and emotional arousal through relaxation techniques, and a cost-benefit analysis of game addiction); and (3) a contract stage with the patient, a parent and the therapist (i.e., behaviour modification of gaming, reducing time spent online and promoting healthy activities). Four of the included group therapy approaches (out of five studies) included Internet addicts and family groups treated simultaneously. However, behavior genetic studies of both are vital given that some scholars (e.g. The KreekMcHughSchlugerKellogg scale (KMSK scale). Within this literature, some scholars have postulated that the disorder comprises distinct facets including interpersonal-affective traits (e.g. Psychopathography of Adolf Hitler is an umbrella term for psychiatric (pathographic, psychobiographic) literature that deals with the hypothesis that Adolf Hitler, the leader of Nazi Germany, was mentally ill, although Hitler was never diagnosed with any mental illnesses during his lifetime.Hitler has often been associated with mental disorders such as bipolar disorder, Ce dsir, videmment, a quelque chose de rvolutionnaire. The efficacy of group-based and systemic therapy for adolescents with problems of substance use and addiction has been long established[251], and suggests that therapeutic frameworks derived from family-based therapies for these disorders may be similarly efficacious in the treatment of Internet addiction and problematic Internet use. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Yang CK. Moreover, the heritability was moderate for Int and strong for Ext. Handleiding voor de trainer [Lifestyle training 2. Hirschfeld RM, Williams JB, Spitzer RL, Calabrese JR, Flynn L, Keck PE, Lewis L, McElroy SL, Post RM, Rapport DJ, et al. One study,30 based on data from adolescent samples, suggests that traumatic event exposure increases risk for SUDs for young women, but not young men. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. The group of Internet addicts were students treated using classical CBT in a group ranging from six to ten participants. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Only two studies (out of four experimental studies) showed a clear effectiveness of psychological therapy, and both of these used a group approach. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Available at: Funk RR, McDermeit M, Godley SH, Adams L. Maltreatment issues by level of adolescent substance abuse treatment: the extent of the problem at intake and relationship to early outcomes. Based on in-depth interviews with 20 Internet addiction treatment experts from Europe and North America, Kuss and Griffiths[11] found that in inpatient and outpatient clinical settings, Internet addiction and Internet-use related problems are associated with significant impairment and distress for individuals, which have been emphasised as the criteria demarcating mental disorders[12]. It happens in up to 4 new mothers out of every 1,000 births. It is an international, interdisciplinary journal devoted to experimental ET, Monday Friday Ask your doctor or nurse about groups in your area. A study of anxiety in the sociopathic personality. With respect to Ext, Impulsive Antisociality was positively associated with child and adult antisocial behavior and substance dependence, while Fearless Dominance was relatively unrelated to these disorders with the exception of a positive correlation with adult antisocial behavior in a sample of adult men (Benning et al. will also be available for a limited time. The improvements persisted until four-month follow up. Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. Lilienfeld SO, Skeem JL. Bipolar spectrum disorders in a clinical sample of patients with Internet addiction: hidden comorbidity or differential diagnosis? The use of electroacupuncture in combination with a psychological intervention improved treatment success for Internet addiction more than providing cognitive-behavioural treatment only, suggesting the novel therapy electroacupuncture may be beneficial in the treatment of Internet addiction. 1101 Wootton Pkwy, Rockville, MD 20852 1-800-994-9662 Monday through Friday, 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. 8600 Rockville Pike Deutsche Normierung der Sense of Coherence Scale von Antonovsky. Khazaal Y, Billieux J, Thorens G, Khan R, Louati Y, Scarlatti E, Theintz F, Lederrey J, Van Der Linden M, Zullino D. French validation of the internet addiction test. Epidemiology. This arguably limits the analysis to a specific diagnosis of a potential disorder that has not yet been officially recognised in the Western world, rather than a comprehensive and inclusive investigation of Internet-use related addictions (including problematic Internet use) more generally. Combined refers to models in which the unstandardized parameters were equated across the genders. Heimberg RG, Horner KJ, Juster HR, Safren SA, Brown EJ, Schneier FR, Liebowitz MR. Psychometric properties of the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale. La psychopathologie sintresserait alors plus lanomalie qu lanormalit.[rf. Personality Disorders from the Perspective of the Five-factor Model of Personality. Young K, Pistner M, OMara J, Buchanan J. Cyber disorders: the mental health concern for the new millennium. excs ou insuffisance du comportement valu par comparaison aux enfants ou adolescents du mme ge. Dont try to do too much or to do everything by yourself. Hahn A, Jerusalem M. Reliabilitt und Validitt in der Online-Forschung. Int and Ext were significantly correlated for women, r=0.21, p<0.001, but not men, r=0.00, n.s. Of these four substances, alcohol (F = 5.97, P<.001), cocaine (F = 3.90, P<.01) and marijuana use (F = 9.18, P<.001) increased significantly across the four childhood trauma quartiles. No, lesbian, gay and bisexual orientations are not disorders. This may be attributable to the high proportion of substitue caregivers at the SW site. Meaning in life and adjustment amongst early adolescents in Hong Kong. Exclusion criteria included: (1) Mental retardation (diagnosis in clinic chart); (2) Chart diagnosis of a psychotic disorder. If so, your doctor can prescribe thyroid medicine. The predominant view of psychopathy derives from the personality-based clinical conceptions of the syndrome (Cleckley, 1941/1976; Karpman, 1948; McCord & McCord, 1964) in which core interpersonal-affective deficits are emphasized (e.g. Brady KT, Dansky BS, Sonne SC, Saladin ME. Internet addiction: a review of current assessment techniques and potential assessment questions. Results of the univariate biometric models were consistent with impressions from the twin correlations. A total of 25 studies[19,26,27,32,43,50,62,72,78,79,93,106,109,111,112,118,124,130,133,143,146,163,164,188,204] investigated the characteristics of treatment seekers. Les diagnostics s'appuient sur plusieurs entretiens, examens ou tests psychologiques et / ou chelles de comportements qui valuent non seulement la catgorie pathologique mais galement sa nature prcise et son intensit. The patient was treated with a combination of selective serotonine reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) and antipsychotic medication. superficial charm, absence of nervousness, guiltlessness, pathologic egocentricity, dishonesty) rather than the commission of specific antisocial acts. Karpman B. Huang X, Zhang Z. 1989) has established that this measure captures two distinct facets of the syndrome: Factor 1 is marked by interpersonal-affective traits, and Factor 2 is marked behavioral indicators of antisocial deviance.1 Interestingly, the external correlates of Factors 1 and 2 strongly resemble clinical descriptions of primary and secondary psychopathy, respectively (Blackburn, 1975, 1996). Manual for the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire. As Ekman notes, not all emotions are accompanied by a characteristic facial expression (Ekman, 1993). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. Depression is a common problem afterpregnancy. Subjects in this study were from an ongoing molecular genetics project.28,3234 The inclusion criteria were: (1) At least 18 years old, male or female; (2) Able to give informed consent and willing to participate in day of interviews. Klinische Merkmale der Computerspiel- und Internetsucht am Beispiel der Inanspruchnehmer einer Spielsuchtambulanz. However, the amplitudes were similar in both groups. Personality and psychopathology: genetic perspectives. Subscribe. Schiller, C.E., Meltzer-Brody, S., Rubinow, D.R. Clinical approaches to treatment of Internet addiction. Your doctor can help you figure out whether your symptoms are caused by depression or something else. In: Raine A, Sanmartin J, editors. Both studies with bupropion were managed by psychiatrists, and one[25] used a multidisciplinary treatment team including a psychiatrist, nurse, psychologist, and social worker. No, lesbian, gay and bisexual orientations are not disorders. Finally, dissociation and depersonalisation were measured using the Dissociative Experiences Scale[34] and the Cambridge Depersonalization Scale[128]. Significantly higher levels of depression and dissociation were furthermore found in a sample of 25 patients with Internet addiction as compared to a matched healthy control group[164]. The results section will outline each of these. The following search terms (and their derivatives) were entered: Internet addict*, Internet gaming addiction, gaming addiction, Internet Gaming Disorder, compuls* Internet use, compuls* gam*, pathological Internet use, excessive internet use, or problematic Internet use, and clinic*, diagnos*, treat*, therap*, or patient*. Russell D, Peplau LA, Cutrona CE. Overall, the genetic correlations from the present study help to elucidate the etiological boundaries of psychopathy. These graphs show differences between PTSD symptom level between alcohol, cocaine, and marijuana-dependent and non-dependent groups. Recently, Hare (2003) introduced the PCL-R (2nd edn), which consists of four facets labeled interpersonal, affective, lifestyle, and antisocial. Evaluacin clnica semiestructurada: El formato de evaluacin inicial abreviado. Other comparative findings included a longer P300 component duration in Internet addicts treated by CBT compared to healthy controls[86]. Internet addiction in Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong: assessment, profiles, and psychosocial correlates. Moreover, patients with Internet addiction and patients with pathological gambling received higher scores on depression, anxiety[26,27], and lower scores on global functioning relative to healthy controls, used impulsive coping strategies, and experienced more socio-emotional impairment. 0000005192 00000 n This intervention, which is commonly used for other addictive disorders, was found to work well for Internet addiction as it reduced Internet use, increased social contacts, provided a daily structure, and encouraged alternative uses of free time and positive beliefs. psychopathology. Brophy CJ, Norvell NK, Kiluk DJ. On a theoretical level, these findings could have wider implications for conceptualizations of the psychopathy construct. 0000003323 00000 n Accessibility All items scored positive, or about which there was ambiguity regarding scoring, were reviewed with the aid of audiotapes from the interviews in order to achieve a consensus regarding symptom presence. Kim H, Kim YK, Gwak AR, Lim JA, Lee JY, Jung HY, Sohn BK, Choi SW, Kim DJ, Choi JS. Te Wildt BT, Putzig I, Drews M, Lampen-Imkamp S, Zedler M, Wiese B, Dillo W, Ohlmeier MD. If you feel like you don't love or care for your baby, you might have postpartum depression. The diverse range of administered medication corresponds with the diverse range of presenting problems of the samples included. However, we acknowledge that this correction may represent somewhat overly optimistic estimates of the PPI factors. This suggests that the MPQ-estimated psychopathy factors may index related constructs within the domain of normal personality. However, various limitations to this recently proposed consensus have been identified, including the lack of a representative international community of experts in the field, the voting method used to arrive at the consensus, the criteria and nosology identified, lack of critical measurement of the disorder and lack of field testing[9]. 0000003078 00000 n First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, Williams JBW. Following treatment, Internet addiction was significantly reduced in the CBT group and other measures showed improvement (e.g., anxiety and life satisfaction), while depression severity did not change. and 0.00, n.s. Therefore, we present results separately for men and women, as well as estimates from combined models in which the unstandardized parameters were equated across the genders.
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